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The Beethoven Sessions: Recording (and Editing) for Dorian, by David Hardy 

David Hardy is Principal Cello of the National Symphony Orchestra

Over the past few years, Lambert Orkis and I derived great enjoyment from revisiting and performing the works for piano and cello by Beethoven with the idea of recording these five sonatas and three sets of variations not once, but twice(!) - on modern and period setups.

The task of editing these recording sessions fell to me.  Well, maybe "fell" is the wrong word, because I'm actually the odd duck who enjoys this process. Over the years I taught myself digital editing techniques and have been in charge of editing the last few CDs that I have been involved with. 

The biggest job that I had dealt with, to date, was the recording and editing of Stephen Jaffe's Cello Concerto that I recorded for Bridge Records in Denmark. I say "biggest" because anytime you have more than a couple performers involved the chance of getting that "perfect" take diminishes almost exponentially. Because of that you have to rely on editing to take care of small (or big!) problems - dropped cymbals, etc. These types of sessions are scheduled with the idea of covering all the material so that you have, hopefully, a few possible takes to cover any ensemble or interpretive issues.

This current project, though, because of the fact that we are only two performers (and have been performing these works together for years) was a very different experience. The main concern that we had in these sessions was whether or not we had captured the musical ideas that we had worked so hard to develop over the past couple of years. 

After these two sessions (modern and period), Lambert and I would get together and listen to all these takes. Most of the time it was quite easy to come to a consensus about what takes to use, but, especially in the period performance, there were a few times when we had to go round to find some agreement.  One time my unwound gut might squeak or another time something might happen in the fortepiano action, so I guess it's fair to say that more decisions were involved in the period setup. 

After we agreed on the basic takes it was my job to assemble the recording and make sure that the musical flow was what we intended. After we finished this up I delivered it back to Dorian Records so that they could master the CDs. I must say that although this was quite a bit of work I found the process to be great fun!

For me one of the most pleasurable aspects in this whole undertaking was the rediscovery of gut strings. (I wrote about this extensively in the CD liner notes, so I won't belabor that point again.) It had been some decades since I had last used them and had almost forgotten just how beautiful the cello sounds with this setup. The upper strings were unwound gut and the bottom strings were gut wound with silver. The only downside (and this was a minor inconvenience) was that during the session last March the weather turned bitterly cold and very dry.  Cellos and especially cellos with gut strings don't appreciate this; their typical response is to squeak and squawk!! So my constant battle was to keep the cello well humidified. Every night between sessions I would put sponges, soaked in water, in the bottom of the case to try and keep the humidity level up.

This whole process has been quite illuminating for me. I was so taken with the gut strings that I'm now in search of the "perfect tailpiece" that would enable me to swap strings out easily depending on the repertoire.  As it stands now anytime I want to switch setups I have to change tailpieces - a colossal pain. So if anyone knows of a good tailpiece with removable fine tuners please let me know - I'd be in your debt!

 

Front and back cover of Beethoven Past and Present, the Complete Variations and Sonatas for Piano and Cello, with Lambert Orkis, piano, and David Hardy, cello, available through the Kennedy Center Gift Shop.

The Beethoven Sessions: Recording (and More) for Dorian, by Lambert Orkis

Lambert Orkis is Principal Keyboard of the National Symphony Orchestra

Having "worn both hats"—that of an audio recording producer and that as a featured performer – I can state with authority that the actual playing in a recording session is only one part of a long process that culminates in a published CD.

The extended effort that led to the recent release of my recording, with the NSO's Principal Cello, David Hardy, is illustrative of the orchestration of the various elements that result in the final product.

David and I have appeared in concert together for decades. The Beethoven cycle was one of our early endeavors. The opportunity arose to record the cycle for Dorian Recordings. The word "opportunity" sounds magical, as though we received a call and everything just fell into place.

Not quite.

Having had the experience of playing many of the great chamber music masterpieces on both modern and period keyboards, I thought a CD publication which allowed the listener to experience the direct comparisons I routinely make for myself would be attractive. Luckily, David and Dorian both agreed. Our two performances of the complete works by Beethoven for Piano and Cello, one reading using modern instruments, the other utilizing 3 different fortepianos and a cello with all gut strings.

Consensus is the first hurdle. Arranging for a time to record, securing the venue, the recording engineers, the session readers (people who make sure David and I play everything correctly—we are, after all, human and do make mistakes that we don't always catch) is the next step. And, since we are using a variety of keyboards, arrangements have to be made to prepare the instruments and to move them to and from the recording venue. The expert services of keyboard technicians for the entirety of the sessions must also be obtained. It is a lot to coordinate and it is something the producer, in this case me, and the assistant producer, in this case my wife, Jan, have to do.

David and I plan performances leading up to the recording dates so that we will be in peak form both individually and collectively.

 

David Hardy and Lambert Orkis rehearsing at the Kennedy Center's Terrace Theater for an all-Beethoven Kennedy Center Chamber Players Concert. Piano is by Thomas and Barbara Wolf of The Plains, Virgina, modeled after pianos made by the Munich artisan Jean-Louis Dulcken, ca. 1788. Photo by Jan Orkis.

 

David Hardy and Lambert Orkis rehearsing at the Kennedy Center's Terrace Theater for an all-Beethoven Kennedy Center Chamber Players Concert. Piano is by R.J. Regier of Freeport, Maine, modeled after Viennese pianos of ca. 1830. Photo by Jan Orkis.

 

Recording day arrives. The keyboard for the session has been moved, serviced, and is ready. The modern version of this recording takes place in July. Very hot and humid weather had moved into Northern Virginia where the sessions are taking place. As the climate control must be turned off during recording for sonic reasons, we must endure increasing heat and humidity during the sessions. This affects our instruments and our playing. As the session facility is on a working farm, we are sometimes put on hold until an agricultural machine passes. Approach patterns to Dulles airport change, the sonic fallout of which also can affect our work flow. Birds sing, insects buzz. Thunderstorms and rain can and do occur. Patience is required by all parties and David and I need to stay at the "top of our game," physically and emotionally. The music buoys our spirits and we soldier on.

Version two, recorded in late winter and using period instruments, involves moving three fortepianos into the recording venue. Period pianos require vastly more servicing than their modern counterparts and they are much more susceptible to climate changes. And, of course, March decides to be bitterly cold and windy. Now, instead of playing with sweaty fingers which stick to our instruments, we begin to wonder at what point the increasing cold in the venue will adversely affect our playing. We look forward to breaks when the heat can be turned on yet also realize that the change in temperature will affect our instruments. The keyboards will go out of tune and the gut strings on the cello will inform David of the change in the environment.

The wind also contributes some interesting sounds to the proceedings and when the weather improves, it is welcomed with great enthusiasm by the song birds who sing lustily as they go about their spring duties of establishing nesting territories. Sometimes we think we are in an aviary. We note with amazement their fondness for loudest singing during our softest passages.

After the NSO returns from Asia in June and the final Kennedy Center Chamber Players concert of the season is performed on June 28, David and I look forward to a leisurely next phase of our recording project.

But, a communiqué from Dorian informs us of a fast approaching deadline. We have little time and much to do.

The next phase of the production involves editing the performances, designing the CD package, writing the program notes, and constructing an acknowledgement page as well as program pages with track listings and timings.

All of this takes considerable time and energy.

The readers at the sessions have kept a log of our exertions. They have their opinions and observations. David and I have ours. He and I listen individually and collectively to the music we have recorded. David has taken an active interest in the digital editing process and does excellent editing work using his own computer equipment. Since he is willing to shoulder this labor-intensive effort, the final sonic results can more easily reflect our collective taste.

We call and e-mail each other incessantly. When time prohibits getting a physical CD from David, I use the internet to review David's editing results. Visits to the Dorian studios are made to "mix the sound," meaning that we must come to a collective decision about the ambience of the sonic environment as well as settle any balance issues between the cello and the piano. This process must be repeated with each change of keyboard instrument.

Meanwhile, program notes are being written by David and me. He takes care of the cello side of the equation. I write about the compositions and the various keyboards. Facts must be checked. Spelling and grammar are scrutinized and reexamined. The graphics designer at Dorian sends us ideas as to the look of the front and back covers as well as the various visual elements of the CD booklet and the interior leaves of the CD box. Photos taken of David and me as well as of our instruments are reviewed. It is decided that more pictures of our instruments are needed. The instruments are no longer at the recording venue. As David and I both have some skill at digital photography and post production, we offer to take the additional pictures as required. What we don't know about uploading large files over the internet is quickly though perhaps not conveniently learned.

Time pays no heed to our diligent efforts and proceeds with complete equanimity. We on the other hand are striving furiously. David must perform in Colorado. He is clever with the use of his computers and continues editing while traveling. I download massive amounts of data from him for review. I upload what he needs in return.

We learn that an elf that resides in graphics software manages to change spellings when text is reformatted. With each new graphic version, a complete reproofing of the program notes is required. And, there are many graphic revisions. More errors come to our attention. Sometimes it feels as though we are lost in a vast swamp with an unwavering requirement to exit the morass at a specific time.

It becomes evident that a relative of the above elf works in the area of mixing software. The audio mixes David receives from Dorian sound different from that which I receive. All parties swear we have the same material. We consult on the phone. We listen on each other's sound systems. It takes some time to sort it all out.

At some point, someone has to make some final decisions. I make some, David weighs in on areas within his purview, and Dan Shores, the Managing Director of Dorian, resolves all controversies.

When we hold the final product in our hands, we are amazed that it actually came to pass. It is not easy and fortunes are not made with this type of production. But David and I love the music, we enjoy working together, and deeply appreciate the untiring efforts of the people at Dorian who help make this type of musical documentation possible.

 

Beethoven Past and Present, the complete variations and sonatas for Piano and Cello, with Lambert Orkis pianist/fortepianist and David Hardy cellist, is also available through the Kennedy Center Gift Shop.

“A Couple” of Happy Listeners, by Glenn Donnellan

Glenn Donnellan is a violinist in the National Symphony Orchestra

In a recent blog, I offered for patrons to come say hi at the stage if they want, that I love to chat with them. After the concert on Thursday, October 8, as I was putting my violin in my car, a woman named Rachel approached me with a question, which turned into an interesting 20 minute conversation with her and her husband, Jason, about the concert and the NSO, neither of whom had read my blog offer!  I always want to know what brought a listener to a particular concert, and their story was a mix of serendipity and their passion for music.  Rachel often gets Jason NSO tickets for his birthday, and for this year's present picked that night's concert: Brahms's Piano Concerto No. 1, Tchaikovsky's Francesca da Rimini, and Martinů's The Frescoes of Piero della Francesca.

Turns out she struck a chord with the program pick - Jason had heard the slow movement of the Brahms Piano Concerto No. 1 in the car on the radio a few weeks ago and loved it so much that he bought a recording right away.  So they were both really happy to catch this concert.  I asked what they thought of the Martinů, the more challenging listen on the program, and Jason said he liked it, notably that "it had some great chord changes that were beautifully fulfilling yet were injected with jabs of other harmonies" (he put it better).  That was amazing to hear from a non-musician, because I felt that really summed up one of the most interesting things in the Martinů menu.  Kind of like a drink of lemonade - refreshingly sweet and satisfying yet with a tartness to enliven it.  Then he said something really amazing.  He said the concert experience made him feel like his molecules got rearranged, realigned, as in a better way.  Wow.  Who could imagine such an impact on our audience?

So, what did Rachel ask me in the first place?  "Why don't people clap after the first movement anymore - whatever happened to that tradition?"  She was disappointed that after the huge and declamatory 1st movement of the Brahms, which is like a whole work unto itself, no one let loose with ovation during the pause before the slow movement.  We talked about that for a while and came up with some ideas, but I would love to hear what other people think about that.  Why not clap and cheer in between movements when it really grabbed you?  And what of that "tradition?"

Welcome to Our Home, by Warren Williams

Warren Williams is the Manager of Community Relations of the National Symphony Orchestra

If you enjoy inviting guests to your home, then you will appreciate the excitement the National Symphony Orchestra felt when 20,000 people converged upon our home at the Kennedy Center last week for the 25th Annual Open House Arts Festival.

Staff, interns, a dedicated retired NSO musician and 10 volunteers from our Women's Committee group set-up bright and early to greet guests and provide information at the NSO Welcome Tables in the Grand Foyer. Located near the John F. Kennedy bust, our tables were highly visible and soon became magnets for people wanting to know more about upcoming NSO concerts, events for families and teachers, and of course to partake of "free stuff." We were happy to oblige, handing out hundreds of brochures, NSO history books and 1,000 miniature violin-shaped fans which included the slogan "I am a Fan of the NSO." We had some stiff competition from our neighboring table, which provided zebra-striped goody bags containing adorable red recorders (the flute-like musical instruments). This coveted item soon became the envy of all parents whose children began to witness their peers filling the air with the sounds of even more music, but I digress.

Susan Hayes Long, President of the Women's Committee for the National Symphony Orchestra, welcomes visitors.

After meeting and greeting the early-birds, we began encouraging people to attend the Festival kick-off performance at noon, featuring the National Symphony Orchestra in the Concert Hall. The Orchestra performed Carnival of the Animals in a unique presentation with actors and life-size puppets from French Canadian company L'Arsenal à Musique. I managed to pop-in for a second and I must say the house was packed, the orchestra sounded great and young people seemed to be completely drawn-in by the combination of music and costumed characters on stage. I love the NSO's performances at Open House as we attract a large number of new audience members, many who are experiencing a live orchestra for the first time.

Immediately following the concert, we escorted our Associate Conductor, Emil de Cou, to the Grand Foyer to sign autographs. Maestro de Cou was so gracious and giving with each individual, taking pictures, answering questions and making friends. What an amazing ambassador for the NSO! We had to whisk him back in time for the NSO's second concert at 2pm as the crowds began to swell in preparation for the next performance. Indeed, there was a line that started at the Hall of Nations entrance leading up to the Concert Hall ramp!

As the NSO's next performance began, I went out on the North Plaza to peak-in on the Instrument Petting Zoo managed by our Women's Committee volunteer group. Hundreds of children (and some adults) were trying-out a variety of instruments and it was quite a sight to see. Perhaps these photos will help tell the story!

An Open House visitor tries the cello

 

A Women's Committee volunteer and a new friend making music

 

On to the brass section!

 

NSO Education Intern Theresa Hubbard demonstrates the embouchure needed to play the trumpet.

 

Make some noise!

 

A budding clarinetist

 

The Instrument Petting Zoo is an ongoing project of the Women's Committee and takes place at every NSO Family Concert and Kinderkonzert at the Kennedy Center throughout the year. Without a doubt, the Open House draws the largest audience for the Petting Zoo, requiring nearly 100 volunteers and 200 instruments. This is a vital part of the NSO's engagement with the community as it affords young people opportunities to gain hands-on access to the instruments they see and hear the NSO playing onstage.

We continued making personal connections with hundreds of interesting people throughout the course of the day. It was a rewarding feeling to know so many cherish the arts and our great Orchestra. Overall, the Festival was a tremendous success as the NSO welcomed both new friends and loyal fans to our home.

 

Warren Williams (second from left) gathers with NSO staff, volunteers, interns, and Associate Conductor Emil de Cou for a group photo at the end of a memorable Open House!

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